🇮🇩 Indonesia
| Buyer Type | Ownership Type / Notes |
|---|---|
| Indonesian (WNI) | Freehold (Hak Milik) for land & buildings; HGB 30–80 yrs; can fully own residential & commercial properties. |
| Foreign Individual (WNA) | Hak Pakai (max 30 yrs, extendable); limited ownership; PMA/BKPM approval required for certain locations & values. |
| Foreign Company (PT PMA) | HGB 30–80 yrs; can own commercial property under PMA regulations; must register via BKPM. |
🇲🇾 Malaysia
| Buyer Type | Ownership Type / Notes |
|---|---|
| WNI / WNA Individual | Freehold (indefinite) or Leasehold (typically 99 yrs); minimum property price for foreign buyers (MYR 1M+ in KL & Penang). |
| PT PMA / Company | Leasehold / Commercial; must comply with corporate ownership rules; subject to government approval. |
🇹🇭 Thailand
| Buyer Type | Ownership Type / Notes |
|---|---|
| Thai Citizen | Full ownership of land and property; freehold ownership allowed for land and buildings. |
| Foreign Individual | Can own up to 49% of condominium units in a building; cannot directly own land; long-term leasehold (30–90 yrs) allowed; BOI incentives may apply. |
| Foreign Company | Can own property via Thai majority-owned companies or leasehold; must comply with Thai corporate and BOI regulations. |
🇦🇺 Australia
| Buyer Type | Ownership Type / Notes |
|---|---|
| WNI / WNA Individual | Freehold (fee simple) or strata title for apartments; FIRB approval required for foreign buyers; agricultural land restricted. |
| PT PMA / Company | Freehold / commercial property; FIRB approval mandatory; comply with corporate ownership & reporting regulations. |
🇬🇧 United Kingdom
| Buyer Type | Ownership Type / Notes |
|---|---|
| WNI / WNA Individual | Freehold for houses; Leasehold for apartments (99–999 yrs); foreign buyers allowed, subject to SDLT & taxes. |
| PT PMA / Company | Commercial / investment property ownership; must register company & comply with UK corporate laws; additional taxes may apply. |
🇦🇪 United Arab Emirates (Dubai & Abu Dhabi)
| Buyer Type | Ownership Type / Notes |
|---|---|
| WNI / WNA Individual | Freehold zones in Dubai & select Abu Dhabi areas; Leasehold / usufruct elsewhere; residential freehold restricted to designated zones. |
| PT PMA / Company | Can own commercial property in freehold or leasehold zones; must comply with UAE corporate registration laws. |
FSRE Notes & Disclaimer
FSRE Notes: Ownership types vary by country, buyer nationality, and property type. FSRE ensures investors understand legal requirements and duration of rights. Always check local regulations before investing.
Disclaimer: For informational purposes only; may change depending on each country’s government policies. Consult FSRE and/or local legal advisors before purchasing to ensure compliance.
